Belowground and aboveground biomass in young postfire lodgepole pine forests of contrasting tree density
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چکیده
As much as 40% of live biomass in coniferous forests is located belowground, yet the effect of tree density on biomass allocation is poorly understood. We developed allometric equations using traditional harvesting techniques to estimate coarse root biomass for ≈13-year-old postfire lodgepole pine trees (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.). We then used these equations, plus estimates of fine root and aboveground biomass, to estimate total tree biomass and belowground to aboveground biomass ratios in young postfire lodgepole pine stands with a wide range of tree densities. Belowground biomass allocation increased with tree density, but the increase was largely determined by inherent differences associated with tree size, not competition. Stand biomass in trees ranged from 46 to 5529 kg·ha–1 belowground, from 176 to 9400 kg·ha–1 aboveground, and from 222 to 13 685 kg·ha–1 for total biomass. For individual trees, the ratio of belowground to total biomass declined with tree size from 0.44 at a basal diameter of 0.5 cm to 0.11 at a basal diameter of 8 cm. This shift in individual tree allocation caused the proportion of total stand biomass in belowground tissues to increase from 19% in low-density stands with larger trees to 31% in high-density stands with small trees. Résumé : Jusqu’à 40 % de la biomasse vivante dans les forêts de conifères se trouve sous terre mais nous connaissons mal l’effet de la densité du peuplement sur l’allocation de la biomasse. Nous avons développé des équations allométriques à l’aide des techniques traditionnelles de récolte pour estimer la biomasse des grosses racines de pins lodgepole (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) issus d’un feu survenu il y a environ 13 ans. Nous avons ensuite utilisé ces équations, en plus d’estimés de la biomasse épigée et de celle des racines fines, pour estimer la biomasse totale des arbres et le rapport de la biomasse hypogée sur la biomasse épigée dans de jeunes peuplements de pin lodgepole issus de feu avec un large éventail de densités. L’allocation de la biomasse hypogée augmente avec la densité des tiges mais l’augmentation est en grande partie déterminée par des différences inhérentes associées à la dimension des arbres et non à la compétition. La biomasse des peuplements qui se retrouve dans les arbres varie de 46 à 5529 kg·ha–1 dans le sol, de 176 à 9400 kg·ha–1 au-dessus du sol et de 222 à 13 685 kg·ha–1 pour la biomasse totale. Dans le cas des tiges individuelles, le rapport de la biomasse hypogée sur la biomasse totale diminue avec la dimension des tiges passant respectivement de 0,44 à 0,11 pour un diamètre basal de 0,5 à 8 cm. Ce changement dans l’allocation chez les arbres individuels entraîne une augmentation de la proportion de la biomasse totale du peuplement qui se retrouve dans les tissus souterrains. Cette augmentation va de 19 % dans les peuplements de faible densité formés d’arbres plus gros à 31 % dans les peuplements de forte densité formés de petits arbres. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Litton et al. 363
منابع مشابه
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تاریخ انتشار 2012